Lesson Twentysix • Non-Functional Progressions

At some point in time, you've probably come across a tune with changes that donÕt make sense to you, don't seem to be in any particular key, or create any kind of recognizable pattern. These progressions are called "non-functional" since the chords within them don't act (function) as the ii chord or the V chord, etc. The question then is how to make sense out of a progression that doesn't "make sense." Take a look at the following chord progression:

E-7 | Db Maj7 | F Maj 7 | C-7

The first two chords, for example, are not in the same key, not the same quality and don't have any obvious relationship. To improvise over these chords effectively, you have to find some way to relate them. To find the relationship, look at the structures contained within each chord. For E-7, use a Dorian scale. Within this scale are Minor 7 arpeggios built on E, F#, and B.  

 
Now use a Lydian scale for DbÆ7 (every note available as a point of emphasis). Within this scale Minor 7 arpeggios are built on F, Bb, and C:  

 
Looking at the two groups of arpeggios, we now see that there are many places where the arpeggios are a half step away from each other, which can be used to create motifs that connect the underlying chords in a musical way, as in the following:  
 
Until next time,
AG
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